Every discussion of the national team's rebuild arrives at the same place: the talent exists, and the minutes do not. Italian youth sides continue to produce players who are technically at the level of their European peers. Those players then enter a league where their age group gets less playing time than in the leagues Italy is compared to.
The reasons are structural rather than cultural. Relegation is expensive, mid table clubs manage risk conservatively, and an experienced professional on a short contract is a lower variance choice than a twenty year old who might need ten matches to settle. Multiply that by fifteen clubs and a generation gets its first regular season two years later than its competitors do.
Loan systems were supposed to solve this and have solved part of it. What loans cannot fix is the level of the football played. A season in a lower division develops resilience and does not necessarily develop the specific habits required at the top, and players returning from a good loan spell frequently find that the standard has moved while they were away.
The clubs that have got this right did it by deciding in advance which positions would be filled internally, and then holding to that decision through a bad run. It costs points in a specific season and produces a squad that does not need rebuilding every three years. Very few boards have the appetite for the first half of that trade.